By Julia Ridgmont
We often think of scientific advancements of the old Western days in terms of trains and railroads, exploration and cartography, etc., but in 1894, a Harvard graduate and amateur astronomer by the name of Percival Lowell left his own mark in the scientific community as well as the West. Lowell belonged to the influential Lowell family of Boston and had always been interested in astronomy, so he decided to use his wealth and prestige to build an instrument that would allow him to further study the planet Mars, in hopes that intelligent life could be found there. Following the advice of another Harvard astronomer, William Pickering, Lowell turned his focus to Arizona Territory on the opposite side of the continent, for which he extolled the virtues of have more visibility in the night sky.
We often think of scientific advancements of the old Western days in terms of trains and railroads, exploration and cartography, etc., but in 1894, a Harvard graduate and amateur astronomer by the name of Percival Lowell left his own mark in the scientific community as well as the West. Lowell belonged to the influential Lowell family of Boston and had always been interested in astronomy, so he decided to use his wealth and prestige to build an instrument that would allow him to further study the planet Mars, in hopes that intelligent life could be found there. Following the advice of another Harvard astronomer, William Pickering, Lowell turned his focus to Arizona Territory on the opposite side of the continent, for which he extolled the virtues of have more visibility in the night sky.
At that point, Lowell assigned Andrew Douglass, an understudy, with the task of finding a suitable location to build his refracting telescope. When Douglass arrived in Arizona Territory, he carried around with him a 7-foot retracting telescope and a tripod, borrowed from Harvard University. While testing out various sites, including Tombstone, Tucson, and Tempe, the pieces of the telescope had to be packed into two coffin-shaped boxes. This didn’t present a problem whenever Douglass traveled by train, but there was one incident in which a stagecoach driver refused to allow them onto his conveyance because of the sinister nature of the boxes, so Douglass had them shipped to his next testing site, of course, by train.
When the
T-initialed town sites didn’t work out, Douglass then moved farther north to
the lumber camp of Flagstaff and found conditions to be just right for
observing the night sky. From there, things progressed rapidly. Lowell met a
trio of forward-thinking brothers in Flagstaff: Denis “Matt,” Michael, and
Timothy Riordan, for which a state park is now named. These men provided jobs
for thousands of employees and were instrumental in establishing many schools,
art programs, a library, and an electric company in Flagstaff. Partnering with
Lowell seemed the natural thing to do, and soon Lowell Observatory was erected
on what is now known as Mars Hill. Fitting, right? The rotating dome on top was
another innovation that was ahead of its time.
Although
Percival Lowell’s initial theory that intelligent life might be found on Mars
didn’t come to fruition, Lowell Observatory is most famous for being the place
where Pluto was discovered. Today many outreach programs are a part of its
illustrious history. It’s the perfect place to go and discover all the
magnificent celestial bodies in our solar system, especially in the summertime,
which is what my husband and I did several years ago when we lived in
Flagstaff. If you ever get a chance to visit, I highly recommend it. You will
not be disappointed!
Percival Lowell looking through
his refracting telescope in northern Arizona
in 1914
Andrew Douglass, circa 1913
And what
happened to Andrew Douglass, you might wonder? He later became known for the
discovery of dendrochronology, the study of
tree-ring dating, and then he moved south to Tucson and became the president of
the University of Arizona.
To learn
more about the history behind Lowell Observatory, check out this fascinating
book: https://www.amazon.com/dp/1467134171
And for a
fictionalized version, complete with a sweet Christmas romance, check out my
book, A Match Made at Christmas.
This was a fascinating post. I love the Flagstaff area for its beauty. I also love Christmas stories!
ReplyDeleteI agree it's such a beautiful place. While attending school, we enjoyed our time there.
DeleteWhat an interesting post. I love reading about astronomy and I had no idea that there was an observatory this early in the American West.
ReplyDeleteIt really is an interesting phenomenon, isn't it, Bea? Thank you for your comment, and I'm glad you enjoyed the post.
DeleteBeen there but you have added to my knowledge of Lowell and Douglass' later contributions. Thank you for that. Arletta
ReplyDeleteYou're very welcome, Arletta. Such a fascinating piece of history!
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